Auguste Rodin: The Crouching Woman

Auguste Rodin Crouching Woman Femme accroupie sculpture Hirshhorn Museum 300x225

The Crouching Woman (1880-1882, cast in 1962, dimensions 95.1 cm x 70.2 cm x 61.5 cm), bronze sculpture by Auguste Rodin, in the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington D.C. - wallpaper size public domain photo (1600x1200)

The Crouching Woman is a bronze sculpture by the French sculptor Auguste Rodin (1840-1917). It was modeled during the period 1882-1884, and enlarged during 1907-1911, and cast in 1962. The sculpture can be viewed in the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, an art museum beside the National Mall, in Washington, D.C., the United States.

According to art historians, for the Crouching Woman Rodin used a sensuous and very intimate pose of his model Adèle Abruzzezzi. How Rodin makes his model pose for the sculpture can be seen in the video clip of the French film ‘Camille Claudel’ (1988) about the life of the female sculptor Camille Claudel.

The 18-year-old Camille Claudel (Rodin’s student) became his source of inspiration, lover, and his model for many of his sculptures, and became a talented sculptor in her own right.

For the Crouching Woman, as was his usual style, Rodin did not stick to the academic styles of his times, and created the sculpture of a distorted female figure. Octave Mirbeau, the French writer, art critic, art collector and a supporter of Rodin, greatly admired the Crouching Woman, and the sculpture went on to become one of his most celebrated works.

There are other versions of the sculpture in various other media and sizes, for instance the sculpture with the French title ‘La Femme accroupie’ in the Kröller-Müller Museum’s, sculpture garden in the Hoge Veluwe National Park in Otterlo in the Netherlands (KMM Sculpturepark in The Netherlands).

Cleopatra enters Rome: Video clip from the movie ‘Cleopatra’

The film Cleopatra (1963), directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz and produced by Walter Wanger, is one of the most expensive films produced ever, at a production cost of $44 million in 1963.

Though Spider-Man 3 produced at a cost of $258 million holds the official record for the most expensive film, some reports suggest that James Cameron’s Avatar, with a speculated cost of $280 million, is the most expensive film ever made.

Inflation pushes up film production costs and dollar value changes over the years based on consumer price index also changes the actual costs. So $44 million spent in 1963 for Cleopatra works out to over $300 million as of September 2010, making it the most expensive film ever produced in the world.

The movie has another dubious record as it was initially estimated to cost only $2 million, but it canned up at $44 million making 20th Century Fox nearly bankrupt. The lead actress Elizabeth Taylor was awarded a record-setting contract of $1 million, which escalated to $7 million (due to production delays), which is equivalent to over $47 million today.

The cost-budgeting of the film perhaps overlooked the cost of recreating elaborate ancient world sets and costumes. Further the enormous complicated sets and props had to be constructed twice initially in London, and then in Rome, escalating the cost of film production further.

Though Cleopatra was a ‘critical failure’, it was the highest grossing film of 1963 hitting $26 million at the box office ($57,777,778 domestic total earnings till today), making another record as ‘the only highest grossing film of the year to run at a loss ever. Cleopatra won four Academy Awards, out of 9 nominations.

Cleopatra has one of the most impressive star casts including Elizabeth Taylor (Cleopatra), Rex Harrison (Julius Caesar), Richard Burton (Marc Antony), Roddy McDowall (Octavian), Martin Landau (Rufio), Hume Cronyn (Sosigenes), George Cole (Flavius), Carroll O’Connor (Servilius Casca alias Augustus), Andrew Keir (Agrippa), Kenneth Haigh (Brutus), Pamela Brown (The High Priestess), Cesare Danova (Apollodorus), Francesca Annis (Eiras), Richard O’Sullivan (Pharaoh Ptolemy XIII, Cleopatra’s younger brother and husband – an incestuous relationship), Gregoire Aslan (Pothinus), and Martin Benson (Ramos).

The film Cleopatra chronicles the struggles of young Cleopatra VII, the last Pharaoh of Egypt and the last ruler of the Ptolemy dynasty of Greek origin that ruled Egypt, to resist the imperialist ambitions of Ancient Rome.

Political changes in the Arab world

Here is another video dated Mar 7, 2011 from Russia Today that seeks to have a peep into what is happening in the Middle East/ Arab World/ North Africa. They say the political changes in the Arab world, including Libya, can neither be called revolutions nor battles for establishing democracy. The Nation’s editor and publisher Katrina Vanden Heuvel and New York University professor Stephen Cohen share their views.

Here is something else to think about!

In the beginning of the 20th century, Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman, Chinese, Russian, German, and many other empires underwent dramatic changes and some collapsed during World War I. The borders of countries in Europe constantly changed in the first and second decades of the twentieth century. Nothing changed peacefully, no one gave up powers willingly and the inevitable outcome was untold destruction of life and property. And more of it was in Europe than anywhere else.

It took the time up to the Second World War, the war itself and butchers like Hitler to change the way world thinks about rule, wars and destruction of human life, etc.

The beginning of the twenty-first century is much worse. Sept 11, Afghanistan, Iraq, and many more events you may not like! Now there seems to be another wave, beginning with Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, and possibly more, with smoke already billowing out of Yemen, Bahrain, Syria, and elsewhere!

What do people want? Change of regimes? Democracy, self-determination, or something else? What do the rulers want?

Burning Libya: Video

Here is a video from YouTube that shows the aftermath of being struck by missiles, rockets and deadly weapons. There are burnt remains of cars, trucks, civilian vehicles, armored vehicles, military tanks, oil tanks and what not. All burnt, and some iron and steel parts remaining. Some are still burning. Among them can be seen some small human beings, seemingly unconcerned about anything in their surroundings.

Symbolically, a man holds up a boot, a military boot! What happened to the other one?

Yesterday, I heard an appeal by the Libyan Government spokesman declaring a ceasefire and requesting and appealing all Libyans to march from Tripoli to Benghazi in whatever vehicles they can for a peaceful march, a peace march, and to pray to Allah for mercy and resolving all the problems. He promised that all Libyans will come under one umbrella and resolve all problems of all Libyans, as if all belong to one family.

It was the second ceasefire after the UN Security Council resolution to impose a no-fly zone or do whatever is necessary to save civilian life in Libya, but short of a foreign occupation of Libya. Sorry, the document is open to all kinds of interpretation.

But what I learned from various news channels and news sites is that as in the case of the first ceasefire, the second one was also a prelude to stepping up further attack by Government forces.

To impose the no-fly zone, or weaken the forces of Col Muammar Gaddafi, the international coalition forces bombed Libya heavily, including the capital Tripoli. They claim there were no civilian casualties. Gaddafi regime’s advertisers claim a lot of civilians died.

Also there are reports that the Gaddafi forces are stepping up brutal attacks on civilians and putting the blame on the rebels or the coalition bombings. And Gaddafi’s men have organized human shields of men, women and children at strategic places to deter bombings, and to claim more civilian victims.

Fighting goes on in areas dominated by rebels too. They are a loose bunch of unorganized people and deaths at their hands too are certain.

The question is not who kills whom. The question is not who is right or, who is wrong. Frankly, I do not know the question.

I know the answer!

Human beings are being butchered! Mostly innocents!

Can it be stopped? By whom? When? Any answers?

No answer!

Till then let the mindless murders continue, pray to god, blame others and celebrate meaningless victories.